Secondly, an exchange must become a necessity. Transition from a casual exchange, act of realization of rare surpluses to the exchange as procedure, systematic repetitive and vitally necessary, related to the division of labor in society. The shepherd's (I.e. there is the cattle breeding as independent branch of labour activity) move Away from general mass of primitive tribes, after away from agriculture a handicraft moves and there are his specialized industries.

Beginnings of market economy we meet in the ancient states, where it plays already a noticeable role in medieval cities, although there was a great number of levers, every family prohibitions and monopolies, braking development of market relations.

With passing there is a single national market to industrial (capitalist) society, an economy grows into mainly; the assortment of blessings and services, offered at the market broadens considerably. Buyers and salespeople will realize freedom of economic choice and making decision. (Frederic the background of Khayek (1899—1990), founder of modern liberalism, counted a market economy and free society synonyms).

And main, an economy gets a powerful impulse for the development as general to the spreading financial personal interest of both businessmen and wageworkers. A "market is the optimum system, allowing an association the members of which pursue own interests, to attain maximal at these resource possibilities, level of development of economic relations, under other circumstances of the combined results", — talked yet And. Smit.

Therefore types and types of economies are determined many factors, and basic from them are: resource possibilities of the state or territory; national mentality; level of culture of population, or nations; geopolitical features of territory, that influences on the specific of organization of reproduction processes at all levels of functioning of the economic systems — national, regional, primary et cetera The features of menage determine the specific of management models and in final analysis types of market economies.Becoming of theory of placing (localizations) it is accepted to bind to the output in 1826 of book of German economist Y. Tyunena the "Isolated state in his attitude toward agriculture and national economy". Main maintenance of this fundamental labour was an exposure of conformities to law of placing of agricultural production.

Research of Y. Tyunena was distinguished by the high level of abstraction, exact formulations of the put tasks. He supposed the presence of the state, which a central city, being the unique market of sale an agricultural produce and source of providing the manufactured goods, is within the limits of, economic isolated from other world. Here the cost of every product in any point of space differs from his price in town on the size of transport expenses which are accepted straight proportional weight of load and distance of transportation.